Digital computer control system and method for monitoring and controlling operation of industrial gas turbine apparatus to drive simultaneously an electric power plant generator and provide exhaust gases to an industrial process

ABSTRACT

A gas turbine power plant is provided with an industrial gas turbine which simultaneously drives a generator coupled to a power system and supplies exhaust gases for process application. One or more process interfaced turbine-generator plants are operated by a hybrid digital computer control system during all turbine operating modes. Automatic variation of gas turbine parameters is achieved by computer directed subsystem control. Process temperature and generator load requirements are satisfied simultaneously.

United States Patent Yannone et a].

Inventors: Robert A. Yannone, Aldan; Roy W.

Kiscaden, Springfield, both of Pa.

Assignee: Westinghouse Electric Corporation,

Pittsburgh, Pa.

Filed: Jan. 15, 1973 Appl. No.: 323,593

Related US. Application Data Continuation of Ser. No. 189,632, Oct. l5, 197i, abandoned.

US. Cl. 322/; 290/; 60/3928; 60/3927; 290/2 Int. Cl. F02c 7/26 Field of Search 290/2, 40; 60/3928, 39. I4. 60/3929, 39.27; 322/15 June 24, 1975 i 56) References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,469,395 9/l969 Spitsbergen /3928 3,482,396 l2/l969 Nelson et al. 60/3928 3,561,2l6 2/197] Moore 290/40 3.606.754 9/197] White 60/3928 3,688,495 9/1972 Fehler........ 60/3928 3.696.612 l0/l972 Berrnan 60/3928 3.733.816 5/l973 Nash ct ul..... 60/3928 3.74l246 6/l973 Braytenbah 290/40 Primary ExaminerG. Simmons Attorney, Agent, or FirmS. A. Seinberg [57] 7 ABSTRACT A gas turbine power plant is provided with an industrial gas turbine which simultaneously drives a generator coupled to a power system and supplies exhaust gases for process application. One or more process interfaced turbine-generator plants are operated by a hybrid digital computer control system during all turbine operating modes. Automatic variation of gas turbine parameters is achieved by computer directed subsystem control. Process temperature and generator load requirements are satisfied simultaneously.

23 Claims, 36 Drawing Figures GENERATOR GENERATOR I VlBRATlON VIBRATION TRANSDUCER TRANSDUCER I58 TEMPERATURE TEMPERATURE DETECTOR 55mm 1; DETECTOR 95mm '1' I 1 I I,

I i {i TE I76 0- I I INLET rue/mo J L 3 OUTLET t H r COUPLE '66 COUPLE AlR I 91L 1 I68 I xcl ER AnmrruaE l 7 THYRISTOR 2 l I SWITCH g I E] I I73 '7 F RTD COGATTE OEETREROR i t l u ROL croa ma 1 Ii? 12 moroa OPERATED MOTOR OPERATED m BASE ADJUST VOLTAGE REFERENCE RHEOSTATS ADJUST RHEOSTATS T are SHEET PATENTED JUN 2 4 I975 4 3 PAIENTEnJuuz ms SHEET 3 '891,915

PATENTEDJUN24 ms 3.891.915

FIG. 3B.

SHEET PATENTED JUN 2 4 I975 FIG. 5

PATENTEDJUN 24 I975 SHEET Ohm mwN

mwm EN PATENTEDJUN 24 1975 FIG. l2

locli Remote Posilion Alarm System Ready Run Sequence Function Time Basel Ovenpned Ylip Valva 120 2A] Firing Reiay 88X Cooling Air Comp. On lgniluon Tmnsl. Alomizinq Air On load Sequence Shutdown Cnnl Down SHEET 1 0 Fun! Solociot Polilion Yucbino Trip: "not ignition Turb. Auliliucics Resei Rnady to Stan i Spend Stan [P.BJ (Min. Base. Peak] lubricllinq Pump DC Aun 0n Lube Press (Turning Gem) Lube Pvess. (Run) Turning Gear On T 30 50C. Lubo Ck.

- 40 Sec Tom (51. Cl.

Slafling Device On 2 Min (Adj) Check 48 1 Turning Gear Oil Ignition Speed J 3o si-c,

Cl'lflii 2 Ove: Speed Presl. i

Isolation Valve 0 30 See.

Ammil'mo 0 Flame Chuh Flame Dmociion 1 6 a. 1 Comb lgnilaon Trans Oil Flamo Check hlomixing Air 0" 1% Mm CheLiu 48 3 Auliiimy Spend (Zn-mm 55%) Analog Sm-rd CC'91. CCQZ) Slop Starling Device flnaloq Combuslm Shell CCUI 2 Mm [Adi Clan" B eed Vaivo 2010 I n check 48 Clam: 810ml Valva 2010 2 D C Lube Pump Oil ldln Speed Gen. Breaks: Closod O F :uhe ump mm" (in-m (in 00 Au Turn-n5 (.190 L,

Mm [load] 5 Bafi emp eak (Ii-mp) 5y: Hes [Icinpj Shuidown PATENTEDJUN 24 I975 3 8 91 915 I l I B I I I I 7m I R I NT LOcAL O O NT R OL A B c D TURB'NE CONTROL DATA TABLES CONTROL DATA AREA POST- PROCESS FIG. l9

AcouIRE (624 [626 II C018 2. ANALOG INPUTS STORE \N USE STORED DATA 3. TURBINE TABLE MASTER LOGIC To EvALUATE o. RESIDENT TABLE sEoUENcE LOGIC b. OPERATOR PANEL INPUTS 628 SAVE 630 632 OUTPUT RESIDENT LAST ccO 3 TURBINE TURB'NE TABLE I PATENTEDJUN 24 I915 3.89 1.915

SHEET 15 ANALOGS CCI'S 63 4 ,J PRE- L PROCESSOR E I I l I v 638 r I 636 x W TURBD TURB. c TURB. B TURB. A TE RESIDENT REs1DENT RESIDENT k RESIDENT LOGC 63 TABLE TABLE TABLE TABL PROGRAM TABLE READ ONLY READ ONLY READ oNLY READ ONLY 4 I I 1 i I I Y 640 l l POST- PRO OPERATOR CESSOR PANEL I PROGRAMS f I I I 1 I ccos FIG. l6

PATENTEDJUN24 I915 3.891.915

SHEET 1'! ,2 52933 INC. ABORT COUNTER FIRED COUNT I NSTCNT kg INCREMENT NORMAL I START COUNTER L4 A EsRTL a ESTART EMERG l4 LIGHT TURBINE EMERG.

START" LAMP ss ESTCNT INCREMENT #5 EMERG. START COUNTER GENERATOR ALARMs L 83%? OR 2 FIG. ITB N pg GEN ALARM It 70 ONTPI BLK ONORO OR IP L ALARM #69 GNFUL (OPTIONI OIIREv BLK GNNEG GNCUR ALARM #68 XRLOK GE (OPT IO FDGRD BLK BSGFID ALARM #67 l OR 8 B GEN -ALARM #66 270B ELK BOCFVB 94 R 0R ALARM #64 REG TRIP XMREIP 0R xMRTP GEN XMRLY ALARM#59 XMRMC-- BLK XMRHO OR GEN AI ARM#63 xMRIN BLK (OPTION) PATENTEI] JUN 2 4 I975 SHEET GET DATA FROM SUBROUTINE i CALL CONTROL FUNCTION FIG. 27 E O K$ sT P= TH [xm xun] OUTPUT=STEP 720 DECAY To MODE 0 ENDCRL l RTN MODE CONTROL SRFGN P SPREF=TS+ SYNC MODE 2 CONTROL TTO MODE 3 I776 CONTROL FIG. 20 778 MODE 4 LOADING CONTROL CONTROL LOW SELECT 

1. A gas turbine electric power plant comprising a gas turbine having compressor, combustion and turbine elements, a generator having a field winding and being coupled to said gas turbine for drive power, a fuel system for supplying fuel for said gas turbine combustion elements, means for exciting said generator field winding, a control system including a digital computer and an input/output system therefor, a plurality of sensors disposed to monitor selected turbine parameters and to provide control system inputs representative thereof, means for operating said fuel system to energize said turbine and for controlling said exciting means, means continuously responsive to a control system output for modulating air flow into said compressor, and means for operating said computer to make control action determinations for implementation by said fuel system operating means, said exciting means and said air flow modulating means, said modulating means control actions being determined in response to time varying combinations of said sensor inputs.
 2. An electric power plant as set forth in claim 1 wherein said computer operating means further operates to determine control actions for implementation by said air flow modulating meanS to maintain gas turbine operation at a constant exhaust temperature over at least one interval of gas turbine operation.
 3. An electric power plant as set forth in claim 2 wherein said plurality of sensors comprises at least an arrangement of sensors disposed to detect pressures on said combustion elements and wherein control actions for implementation by said air flow modulating means are at least partially determined in response to inputs from said arrangement over at least one time interval of gas turbine operation.
 4. An electric power plant as set forth in claim 2 wherein said plurality of sensors comprises at least an arrangement of sensors disposed to detect temperatures at the exhaust cycle position of said turbine element and wherein said control actions for implementation by said air flow modulating means are at least partially determined in response to inputs from said arrangements over at least one time interval of gas turbine operation.
 5. An electric power plant as set forth in claim 2 wherein said plurality of sensors comprises at least a first arrangement of sensors disposed to detect pressures on said combustion elements and a second arrangement of sensors disposed to detect temperatures at the exhaust cycle position of said turbine element and wherein said control actions for implementation by said air flow modulating means are at least partially determined in response to a combination of inputs from said first and second arrangements over at least one time interval of gas turbine operation.
 6. An electric power plant as set forth in claim 2 wherein said plurality of sensors comprises at least one turbine speed sensor and wherein control actions for implemention by said air flow modulating means are at least partially determined in response to inputs from said speed sensor over at least one time interval of gas turbine operation.
 7. An electric power plant as set forth in claim 2 wherein said plurality of sensors comprises at least an arrangement of compressor inlet temperature sensors disposed to detect pressures at the inlet of said compressor element and wherein control actions for implementation by said air flow modulating means are at least partially determined in response to inputs from said arrangement over at least one time interval of gas turbine operation.
 8. An electric power plant as set forth in claim 2 wherein said plurality of sensors comprises at least a first arrangement of sensors disposed to detect pressure inlet temperatures and a second arrangement of sensors disposed to detect exhaust gas temperatures and wherein said control actions for implementation by said air flow modulating means are at least partially determined in response to inputs from a combination of said first arrangement and said second arrangement over at least one time interval of gas turbine operation.
 9. An electric power plant as set forth in claim 2 wherein said plurality of sensors comprises at least a first arrangement of sensors disposed to detect pressures on said combustion elements and a second arrangement of sensors disposed to detect turbine exhaust temperatures and wherein said control actions for implementation by said air flow modulating means are at least partially determined in response to inputs from a combination of said first and said second arrangements over at least one time interval of gas turbine operation.
 10. An electric power plant as set forth in claim 2 wherein said plurality of sensors comprises at least a first sensor disposed to detect turbine speed, a first arrangement of sensors disposed to detect pressures on said combustion elements and a second arrangement disposed to detect temperatures of exhaust gases and wherein control actions for implementation by said air flow modulating means are at least partially determined in response to said speed sensor over at least one time interval of gas turbine operation and at least partially determined in response to inputs from a combination of said first and second arraNgements over at least another time interval of gas turbine operation.
 11. An electric power plant as set forth in claim 10 wherein control actions for implementation by said air flow modulating means are at least partially determined in response to inputs from said speed sensor over an earlier time interval of gas turbine operation and at least partially determined in response to inputs from said combination of said first and said second arrangements over a later time interval of gas turbine operation.
 12. An electric power plant as set forth in claim 2 wherein said plurality of sensors comprises at least a speed sensor disposed to detect gas turbine speed and an arrangement of sensors disposed to detect compressor inlet temperatures and wherein said control actions for implementation by said air flow modulating means are at least partially determined in response to inputs from said speed sensor over a first time interval of gas turbine operation and at least partially determined in response to inputs from said arrangement of sensors over a second time interval of gas turbine operation.
 13. An electric power plant as set forth in claim 2 wherein said air flow modulating means comprises a plurality of compressor variable inlet guide vanes, a positioning ring mechanically coupled to said guide vanes, and control means for rotating said positioning ring to open and close said guide vanes.
 14. An electric power plant as set forth in claim 10 wherein said air flow modulating means comprises a plurality of compressor variable inlet guide vanes, a positioning ring mechanically coupled to said guide vanes, and control means for rotating said positioning ring to open and close said guide vanes.
 15. An electric power plant as set forth in claim 1 wherein means are provided for detecting generator load and said computer operating means further provides for controlling said fuel system operating means in response to detected load to regulate the generator load substantially to a predetermined value.
 16. An electric power plant as set forth in claim 2 wherein means are provided for detecting generator load and said computer operating means further provides for controlling said fuel system operating means in response to detected generator load to regulate the generator load substantially to a predetermined value.
 17. An electric power plant as set forth in claim 16 wherein said computer operating means operates to regulate the generator substantially to a predetermined value as a function of exhaust temperature.
 18. An electric power plant as set forth in claim 17 wherein said plurality of sensors comprises at least an arrangement of sensors disposed to detect pressures on said combustion elements and wherein control actions for implementation by said air flow modulating means are at least partially determined in response to inputs from said arrangement over at least one time interval of gas turbine operation.
 19. An electric power plant as set forth in claim 17 wherein said plurality of sensors comprises at least an arrangement of sensors disposed to detect temperatures at the exhaust cycle position of said turbine element and wherein said control actions for implementation by said air flow modulating means are at least partially determined in response to inputs from said arrangement over at least one time interval of gas turbine operation.
 20. An electric power plant as set forth in claim 17 wherein said plurality of sensors comprises at least a first arrangement of sensors disposed to detect pressure on said combustion element and a second arrangement of sensors disposed to detect temperatures at the exhaust gas cycle position of said turbine element and wherein said control actions for implementation by said air flow modulating means are at least partially determined in response to a combination of inputs from said first and second arrangements over at least one time interval of gas turbine operation.
 21. An electric power plant as set forth in claim 17 wherein said plurality of sensors comprises at least a speed sensor disposed to detect gas turbine speed and wherein said control actions for implementation by said air flow modulating means are at least partially determined in response to inputs from said speed sensor over at least one time interval of gas turbine operation.
 22. An electric power plant as set forth in claim 17 wherein said plurality of sensors comprises at least a first sensor disposed to detect turbine speed, a first arrangement of sensor disposed to detect pressures on said combustion elements and a second arrangement disposed to detect temperatures of exhaust gases and wherein control actions for implementation by said air flow modulating means are at least partially determined in response to said speed sensor over at least one time interval of gas turbine operation and at least one time interval of gas turbine operation and at least partially determined in response to inputs from a combination of said first and second arrangements over at least another time interval of gas turbine operation.
 23. An electric power plant as set forth in claim 22 wherein control actions for implementation by said air flow modulating means are at least partially determined in response to inputs from said speed sensor over an earlier time interval of gas turbine operation and at least partially detrmined in response to inputs from said combination of determined first and second arrangements over a later time interval of gas turbine operation. 